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Early History and Historical precedents There have been several migrations to Greenland and in every case, living conditions bordered on the edge of what humans can survive and where minimum subsistence threatened even the heartiest. Greenland has always represented the outer frontier for where humans could settle. The first group of hunters in the Arctic are called Paleo-Eskimos. The first to come to Greenland were of the Independence I and Saqqaq cultures. Only small stylistic variations in stone implements differentiate these two cultures. The Palea-Eskimo hunters spread out over the Arctic with surprising speed. Around 2,500 B.C. and in the space of just a few generations, the pioneer group reached Nares Strait, "the gateway to Greenland", from their point of origin in Alaska. During the first migration, Greenland's rich hunting grounds were settled. The people of the Independence |
 Joyful children in Greenland. Photo: Erling Ó. Aðalsteinsson. I culture settled in Peary Land where, a thousand years later, the people of the Independence II culture would also settle. Following in the wake of Independence I (and prior to Independence II) the people of the Saqqaq culture arrived. Shortly after Independence II, another group of Paleo-Eskimos migrated along the same route to Greenland but instead, spread south along the west coast. These were the people of the Dorset culture. The oldest sagas in Inuit mythology have garnered their material from this period. |
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